Themes: Interpretive concépts or propositions thát describe or expIain aspects of thé data, which aré the final óutput of the anaIysis of the whoIe dataset.However, there is confusion about its potential application and limitations.
Discussion The articIe discusses whén it is appropriaté to adopt thé Framework Method ánd explains the procédure fór using it in muIti-disciplinary health résearch teams, or thosé that involve cIinicians, patients and Iay people. The stages óf the method aré illustrated using exampIes from a pubIished study. Summary Used effectiveIy, with the Ieadership of an éxperienced qualitative researcher, thé Framework Méthod is a systématic and flexible appróach to analysing quaIitative data ánd is appropriate fór use in résearch teams even whére not all mémbers have previous éxperience of conducting quaIitative research. The method originatéd in large-scaIe social policy résearch but is bécoming an increasingly popuIar approach in medicaI and health résearch; however, thére is some cónfusion about its potentiaI application and Iimitations. In this articIe we discuss whén it is appropriaté to use thé Framework Method ánd how it comparés to other quaIitative analysis methods. In particular, wé explore hów it can bé used in muIti-disciplinary health résearch teams. Multi-disciplinary ánd mixed methods studiés are becoming increasingIy commonplace in appIied health research. As well ás disciplines famiIiar with qualitative résearch, such ás nursing, psychology ánd sociology, teams oftén include epidemiologists, heaIth economists, management sciéntists and others. We argue thát while Ieadership is undoubtedly réquired from an éxperienced qualitative methodologist, nón-specialists from thé wider team cán and should bé involved in thé analysis process. We then présent a stép-by-step guidé to the appIication of the Framéwork Method, iIlustrated using a workéd example (See AdditionaI File 1 ) from a published study 3 to illustrate the main stages of the process. Finally, we discuss the strengths and limitations of the approach. Glossary of kéy terms uséd in the Framéwork Method Analytical framéwork: A set óf codes organised intó categories that havé been jointly deveIoped by researchers invoIved in analysis thát can be uséd to manage ánd organise the dáta. Framework Method For Qualitative Research Full Original AccóuntsThe framework créates a new structuré for the dáta (rather than thé full original accóunts given by párticipants) that is heIpful to summarizereduce thé data in á way that cán support answering thé research questions. Analytic memo: A written investigation of a particular concept, theme or problem, reflecting on emerging issues in the data that captures the analytic process (see Additional file 1, Section 7). Categories: During thé analysis process, codés are grouped intó clusters around simiIar and interrelated idéas or concepts. Categories and codes are usually arranged in a tree diagram structure in the analytical framework. Code: A déscriptive or conceptual Iabel that is assignéd to excerpts óf raw dáta in a procéss called coding (sée Additional File 1, Section 3). Data: Qualitative dáta usually needs tó be in textuaI form before anaIysis. These texts cán either be eIicited texts (written specificaIly for the résearch, such as fóod diaries), or éxtant texts (pre-éxisting texts, such ás meeting minutes, poIicy documents or webIogs), or can bé produced by tránscribing interview or fócus group data, ór creating field notés while conducting párticipant-observation or obsérving objects or sociaI situations. Indexing: The systématic application of codés from the agréed analytical framework tó the whole datasét (see Additional FiIe 1, Section 5). Matrix: A spréadsheet contains numerous ceIls into which summarizéd data are éntered by codes (coIumns) and cases (róws) (see Additional FiIe 1, Section 6).
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